Community and police perceptions of the effectiveness of the Police Community Affairs and Development Services (PCADS) in strengthening community policing and public safety in Cotabato Province

Abstract

The Police Community Affairs and Development Services (PCADS) play a crucial role in fostering police-community relations and promoting public safety, yet systematic evaluations remain limited. This study assessed the involvement, participation, and perceived effectiveness of PCADS in the Second District of Cotabato Province, Philippines. A survey of 189 civilians and 109 police officers was conducted using a structured questionnaire, and the data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that while both groups generally viewed PCADS positively, significant perceptual gaps emerged regarding community policing, peacekeeping operations, and information campaigns. Common concerns included limited police visibility, delayed emergency response, and issues of misconduct and transparency. The findings highlight the importance of visible and participatory policing for building trust and enhancing community safety. Recommendations include strengthening inter-agency coordination, logistical support, and participatory policing strategies to improve program effectiveness.