Socio-economic status of small-scale fisheries in central Philippines

Guilbert Nicanor Abiera Atillo

doi:10.46223/HCMCOUJS.soci.en.14.3.3094.2024

14(3)2024

Socio-economic status of small-scale fisheries in central Philippines

Author - Affiliation:

Guilbert Nicanor Abiera Atillo - Negros Oriental State University, Dumaguete City

Corresponding author: Guilbert Nicanor Abiera Atillo - guilbertnicanor.atillo@norsu.edu.ph

DOI:10.46223/HCMCOUJS.soci.en.14.3.3094.2024

Submitted: 24-11-2023
Accepted: 02-02-2024
Published: 27-03-2024

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the socio-economic aspects of small-scale fishers in Barangay Bonawon, Siaton, Negros Oriental, Central Philippines, utilizing a descriptive survey method. The research focuses on assessing the practices, challenges, and income of small-scale fishers registered under FishR, a DA-BFAR Juan Magsasaka registry, and beneficiaries of the TARGET, SAAD projects, and DA-BFAR livelihood assistance initiatives. In addition, the lack of data hampers the understanding of small-scale fisheries' socio-economic status and activities, prompting the researcher to pursue this study. After administering the survey questionnaire, appropriate statistical tools were employed for data analysis. Results reveal the prevalent use of traditional fishing methods, such as “paanod” (drifting gill net), hook and lines, and “ali” (barricade gill net), due to their ease of construction, use, operation, and cost-effectiveness. Their income levels vary due to uncertainties and challenges, such as declining fish resources, climate change, lack of education and facilities, weak law enforcement, and fluctuating market demand. The study's findings inspire policymakers, NGOs, and government agencies to implement a comprehensive approach addressing issues through education, alternative livelihood development, improved fishing infrastructure, strengthened law enforcement, and sustainable fisheries management practices. This approach aims to ensure the resilience and sustainability of small-scale fisheries, promoting the well-being of communities and marine ecosystems.

Keywords

challenges; Central Philippines; income; small-scale fisheries; socio-economic practices

Full Text:

PDF

Cite this paper as:

Atillo, G. N. A. (2024). Socio-economic status of small-scale fisheries in central Philippines. Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Science – Social Sciences, 14(3), 12-26. doi:10.46223/HCMCOUJS.soci.en.14.3.3094.2024

References

Almarri, K., & Gardiner, P. (2014). Application of resource-based view to project management research: Supporters and opponents. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119(2014), 437-445.

Andrew, N., & Evans, L. (2009). Approaches and frameworks for management and research in small-scale Fisheries in the developing world. Retrieved November 10, 2023, from https://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/dlc/bitstream/handle/10535/5918/1914.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

ARIEL Project Report. (2018). Small scale fisheries and aquaculture framework analysis. Intrreg ADRION (Adriatic Ionian). Retrieved November 10, 2023, from https://ariel.adrioninterreg.eu/wpcontent/uploads/2020/07/ARIEL_DT1.2.4_ADRION_SSF_Report.pdf

Badiola, J. A. R., Guinto, E. J., Das, P. K., Gietzen, T., Yang, L., & Van Anrooy, R. (2021). Financing small-scale fisheries in the Philippines - A policy brief. Rome: Italy.

Barney, J. B., Ketchen, D. J., & Wright, M. (2021). Resource-based theory and the value creation framework. Journal of Management, 47(7), 1936-1955.

Basurto, X., Virdin, J., Smith, H., & Juskus, R. (2022). Strengthening governance of small-scale fisheries. An initial assessment of the theory and practice. København K, Denmark: Oak Foundation.

Béné, C., & Friend, R. M. (2011). Poverty in small-scale fisheries: Old issue, new analysis. Progress in Development Studies, 11(2), 119-144.

Bersaldo, M. J. I., & Lacuna, M. L. D. G. (2022). Fishing practices on a small scale fisheries in the selected coastal barangays of Malita, Davao Occidental. International Journal of Biology Sciences, 4(2), 55-66.

Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) Report. (2020). Philippine fisheries profile 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2023, from https://www.bfar.da.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2020-Fisheries-Profile-Final.pdf

Cabico, G. K. (2023). Prioritizing artisanal fishers’ conditions is crucial to sustainable Philippinefisheries. Philippines: Philippine Star Global.

Campbell, J., Townsley, P., Whittingham, E., & Marsh, J. (2013). Key Factors supporting small scale coastal fisheries management. Synthesis Review, 1(1), 13-23.

Çelik, A., Metin, İ., & Çelik, M. (2012). Taking a photo of Turkish fishery sector: A SWOT analysis. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58(2012), 1515-1524.

Dwijayanti, R., & Marlena, N. (2017). Growing SMEs: A SWOT analysis on fish processing industry. Retrieved November 10, 2023, from https://www.scitepress.org/PublishedPapers/2017/69863/69863.pdf

Factura, H., Cimene, F. T. A., & Nacaya, I. M. Q. (2021). Socio-economic issues of Urban small scale fisherfolks in Cagayan de Oro City. American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Development (AJMRD),03(2021), 1-6.

Ferrer, A. J. G., Pomeroy, R., Akester, M. J., Muawanah, U., Chumchuen, W., Lee, W. C., ... Viswanathan, K. K. (2021). Covid-19 and small-scale fisheries in Southeast Asia: Impacts and responses. Asian Fisheries Society, 34(1), 99-113.

Forsman, S. (2004). How do small rural food-based companies compete? A resource-based approach to competitive strategies. Agriculture and Food Science, 13(2004), 6-156.

Garces, L. R. (2011). The role of small-scale fisheries in food security and livelihoods in the Philippines. Philippines: SEARCA - Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture.

Gough, C. L., Dewar, K. M., Godley, B. J., Zafindranosy, E., & Broderick, A. C. (2020). Evidence of overfishing in small-scale fisheries in Madagascar. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7(2020), Article 317.

Habbershon, T. G., & Williams, M. L. (1999). A resource-based framework for assessing the strategic advantages of family firms. Family Business Review, 12(1), 1-25.

Imbwae, I., Aswani, S., & Sauer, W. (2023). Socio-economic and environmental challenges of small-scale fisheries: Prognosis for sustainable fisheries management in Lake Kariba, Zambia. Sustainability, 15(4), Article 3179.

Kinseng, R. A., Mahmud, A., Hamdani, A., & Hidayati, H. N. (2019, September). Challenges to the sustainability of small-scale fishers livelihood in Banyuwangi regency, East Java, Indonesia. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 325, pp. 012008). Bristol, UK: IOP Publishing.

Kozlenkova, I. V., Samaha, S. A., & Palmatier, R. W. (2014). Resource-based theory in marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 42(2014), 1-21.

Lim, C. P., Matsuda, Y., & Shigemi, Y. (1995). Problems and constraints in Philippine Municipal fisheries: The case of San Miguel Bay, Camarines Sur. Environmental Management, 19(1995), 837-852. doi:10.1007/BF02471936

Macusi, E. D., da Costa-Neves, A. C., Tipudan, C. D., & Babaran, R. P. (2023). Closed season and the distribution of small-scale fisheries fishing effort in Davao Gulf, Philippines. World, 4(1), 40-55.

Macusi, E. D., Siblos, S. K. V., Betancourt, M. E., Macusi, E. S., Calderon, M. N., Bersaldo, M. J., … Digal, L. N. (2022). Impacts of Covid-19 on the catch of small-scale fishers and their families due to restriction policies in Davao Gulf, Philippines. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8(2022), 1-8.

Mantaring, J. R. (2023). Fisherfolk and farmers remain the poorest in PH-PSA. Quezon, Philippines: CNN-Philippines.

Mohammad, H., Ebbah, J., Sahiyal, K., & Tahilludin, A. (2022). An assessment of small-scale fisheries in Tandubas, Tawi-Tawi, southern Philippines. Menba Kastamonu Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(1), 10-22.

Muallil, R. N., Mamauag, S. S., Cabral, R. B., Celeste-Dizon, E. O., & Aliño, P. M. (2014). Status, trends, and challenges in the sustainability of small-scale fisheries in the Philippines: Insights from FISHDA (Fishing Industries’ Support in Handling Decisions Application) model. Marine Policy, 44(2014), 212-221.

Nageon de Lestang, J. (2005). Report on existing and potential employment opportunities in the fisheries sector in Seychelles. Retrieved November 10, 2023, from http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5310

Newbert, S. L. (2008). Value, rareness, competitive advantage, and performance: A conceptual level empirical investigation of the resource‐based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 29(7), 745-768.

Ocampo, K. R. (2021). Group: Fisherfolk income down by 70% amid Chinese presence in disputed waters. Retrieved November 10, 2023, from https://business.inquirer.net/323765/group-fisherfolk-income-down-by-70-amid-chinese-presence-in-disputed-waters

Pardede, P. (2018). Identifying and formulating the research problem. Research in ELT, 1, 1-13.

Pathmanandakumar, V. (2018). Challenges in the management of small-scale fisheries in “Salli” GN division, Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations, 6(4), 174-180.

Penca, J., Said, A., Cavallé, M., Pita, C., & Libralato, S. (2021). Sustainable small-scale fisheries markets in the Mediterranean: Weaknesses and opportunities. Maritime Studies, 20(2), 141-155.

Perez, M. L., Pido, M. D., Garces, L. R., & Salayo, N. D. (2012). Towards sustainable development of small-scale fisheries in the Philippines: Experience and lessons learned from eight regional sites. Retrieved October 10, 2022, from https://repository.seafdec.org.ph/handle/10862/2206

Philippine Statistics Authority Report. (2022). The proportion of poor filipinos recorded at 18.1 percent in 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2023, from https://psa.gov.ph/content/proportion-poor-filipinos-was-recorded-181-percent-2021

Pomeroy, R., Arango, C., Lomboy, C. G., & Box, S. (2020). Financial inclusion to build economic resilience in small-scale fisheries. Marine policy, 118, Article 103982.

Ristyawan, M. R., Putro, U. S., & Siallagan, M. (2023). Decision making mechanism in resource based theory: A literature review, synthesis, and future research, Cogent Business & Management, 10(2), 217-224. doi:10.1080/23311975.2023.2247217

Salas, S., Chuenpagdee, R., Seijo, J. C., & Charles, A. (2007). Challenges in the assessment and management of small-scale fisheries in Latin America and the Caribbean. Fisheries Research, 87(1), 5-16.

Salsabila, S., Radhiana, R., Juwita, J., & Mauliza, P. (2022, December). Challenges of the resource-based view approach in improving business organizational performance. Proceedings of International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research, 5(2), 120-125.

Schram, A. B. (2014). A mixed methods content analysis of the research literature in science education. International Journal of Science Education, 36(15), 2619-2638.

Sibanyoni, C., & Mupambwa, P. (2017). Using resource-based theory to examine the competitiveness of an incubation plant in mining and agriculture. International Review of Management and Business Research, 6(2), 692-716.

Siles, J., Prebble, M., Wen, J., Hart, C., & Schuttenberg, H. (2019). Advancing gender in the environment: Gender in fisheries-a sea of opportunities. Washington, D.C.: IUCN and USAID.

Smith, H., & Basurto, X. (2019). Defining small-scale fisheries and examining the role of science in shaping perceptions of who and what counts: a systematic review. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6(2019), Article 236.

Srivastava, R. K., Fahey, L., & Christensen, H. K. (2001). The resource-based view and marketing: The role of market-based assets in gaining competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 27(6), 777-802.

Stacey, N., Gibson, E., Loneragan, N. R., Warren, C., Wiryawan, B., Adhuri, D. S., & Fitriana, R. (2021). Developing sustainable small-scale fisheries livelihoods in Indonesia: Trends, enabling and constraining factors, and future opportunities. Marine Policy, 132(2021), Article 104654.

Susilo, E., Purwanti, P., Fattah, M., Qurrata, V. A., & Narmaditya, B. S. (2021). Adaptive coping strategies towards seasonal change impacts: Indonesian small-scale fisherman household. Heliyon, 7(4), 1-10.

Taher, M. (2012). Resource-based view theory. Information Systems Theory: Explaining And Predicting Our Digital Society, 1(2012), 151-163.

Tandavanitj, S. (2008). Assessing the socio-economic conditions of small-scale fisheries: Experience of Thailand in implementing development projects. Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 6(3), 36-41.

Teh, L. C., & Pauly, D. (2018). Who brings in the fish? The relative contribution of small-scale and industrial fisheries to food security in Southeast Asia. Frontiers in Marine Science, 5(2018), Article 44.

Tikadar, K. K., Islam, M. J., Saha, S. M., Alam, M. M., Barman, S. K., & Rahman, M. A. (2022). Livelihood status of small-scale fishermen and determinants of their income: Insights from north-eastern floodplains of Bangladesh. Geography and Sustainability, 3(3), 204-213.

Ünal, V., & Ulman, A. (2020). The current status and challenges facing the small-scale fisheries of Turkey. Small-Scale Fisheries in Europe: Status, Resilience and Governance, 83-103.

Utami, H., & Alamanos, E. (2023). Resource-based theory: A review. Retrieved November 10, 2023, from https://open.ncl.ac.uk /ISBN: 9781739604400

Voumik, L. C., & Ridwan, M. (2023). Impact of FDI, industrialization, and education on the environment in Argentina: ARDL approach. Heliyon, 9(1), Article e12872.

Walley, K., Custance, P., & Smith, F. (2011). Farm diversification: A resource-based approach. Journal of Farm Management, 14(4), 275-289.

Zica, R. M. F., Gonçalves, C. A., Martins, H. C., & Gonçalves, M. A. (2016). The resource-based theory and its adherence to a superior performance strategy: An analysis in small companies in Brazil. Corporate Ownership & Control, 13(3/3), 434-444. doi:10.22495/cocv13i3c3p2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46223/HCMCOUJS.soci.en.14.3.3094.2024