NGUYEN, Ha Minh; BUI, Ngoc Hoang. The heterogeneity impacts of digital transformation, human capital, and trade openness on income and labour productivity in Vietnam. HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE - ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, [S. l.], v. 14, n. 4, p. 157–171, 2024. DOI: 10.46223/HCMCOUJS.econ.en.14.4.3484.2024. Disponível em: https://journalofscience.ou.edu.vn/index.php/econ-en/article/view/3484. Acesso em: 20 jul. 2026.